E-waste precious metal recycling technology
Electronic waste is a new type of waste produced in the development of electronic products and electronic equipment. This kind of waste is generally scrapped electronic equipment and electronic waste, and most of them are daily consumer electronic products. Containing more precious metal materials and polluting substances is a prominent feature of e-waste.
1. At present, e-waste is mainly divided into two categories
Type 1: waste electronic products that contain relatively simple materials and are less harmful to human health and the environment, such as household appliances such as refrigerators, washing machines, and air conditioners;
Type 2: Waste electronic products with complex materials and greater harm to human health and the environment, such as computers and mobile phones.
2. What can be obtained by recycling
Electronic waste comes with many useful and even expensive materials. In a complex electronic accessory, there will be more than 60 components of the periodic table. The hardware part of the mobile phone will release harmful substances during the decomposition, but through proper disposal, it can turn waste into treasure.
Precious metals generally refer to gold (Au), silver (Ag), platinum (Pt), osmium (Os), iridium (Tr), ruthenium (Ru), rhodium (Rh) and palladium (Pd), which are expensive , Scarce resources. Due to the excellent electrical conductivity, flexibility and high strength of precious metals and their alloys, they are widely used in assembled circuit boards, capacitors and other electronic components in common electrical appliances such as televisions, computers and mobile phones.
Singapore customer precious metal recovery equipment installation site
With the acceleration of the replacement of electronic products and the increasing amount of electronic waste, a large amount of electronic waste containing precious metals has not been effectively recycled, which not only wastes a lot of precious resources, but also seriously pollutes the environment. Therefore, the scientific and reasonable recycling of precious metals in electronic waste can not only save resources, reduce production costs, but also effectively reduce waste emissions and achieve the purpose of protecting the environment.
The pretreatment of precious metal recovery in electronic waste mainly refers to mechanical treatment methods. The mechanical treatment method is a means of sorting based on the differences in physical properties between materials, including density, electrical conductivity, magnetism, and surface properties, including dismantling, crushing, and sorting processes. Mechanical treatment can fully enrich the valuable substances in electronic waste, reducing the difficulty of subsequent treatment. Compared with the subsequent treatment, the pollution is small and the cost is low, but the precious metal with higher purity cannot be obtained.
Hydrometallurgy:
Hydrometallurgy is the earliest method used in the research of precious metal recycling. It was used in the late 1960s. Its basic principle is to use the characteristics that the crushed precious metal particles can be leached under acidic or alkaline conditions. After solvent extraction of the leaching solution, Processes such as precipitation, displacement, ion exchange, electrolysis, etc., to separate electronic waste from it and recover it from the liquid phase.
The method can obtain precious metals such as Au and Ag with high grade and high recovery rate, and has a good recovery effect on non-ferrous metals such as Cu and Zn, and has low treatment cost. However, there are the following problems: 1. Complex electronic waste cannot be directly processed; 2. The leaching agent of precious metals can only act on the exposed metal surface, and the recovery efficiency is low when the metal is covered or wrapped in ceramics; 3. The leaching solution and residue are corrosive. Sex and toxicity, it is easy to cause more serious secondary pollution.
Pyrometallurgy:
The basic principle of pyrometallurgy is to use high-temperature heating in a metallurgical furnace to peel off non-metallic substances, so that precious metals are melted in other metal smelting materials or molten salts, and then separated. Non-metallic substances are mainly printed circuit board materials, etc., which are generally separated and removed as scum, while precious metals and other metals flow out in an alloy state, and then refined or electrolytically treated. Pyrometallurgy mainly includes incineration melting process, high temperature oxidation smelting process, scum technology, electric arc furnace sintering process, etc.
The method has the characteristics of simple process and high recovery rate, and can process all forms of electronic waste, and the main precious metals recovered are Au, Ag, Pd, etc.
SUNY GROUP is a professional manufacturer of e-waste recycling equipment. It has rich experience and complete technical equipment in the recycling of e-waste. It can provide customers with customized solutions. If you have any questions or need consultation, please feel free to contact us .
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